The Radiography Program Faculty
welcomes you as a new or returning student.
Our goal is to provide you with a high quality radiography education
that prepares each of you as a caring, safe and competent radiographer today’s
high-tech health-care workplaces. We
want to work together with you to achieve this goal. We wish you every success in your radiography
education at Burlington
County College.
The information in this handbook
will assist you to proceed through the program.
Please become familiar with each part and keep it as a reference.
Radiography Program Faculty
Buffy Stolte - Clinical
Instructor – Virtua –MHBC
Michele Delgado – Clinical
Instructor – Virtua – MHBC
Kathleen Adreano – Clinical
Instructor – Virtua - MHBC
Patty Long– Clinical Instructor –
Virtua – WJ –Voorhees
Kathleen Cave
– Clinical Instructor – Virtua – WJ - Voorhees
Melissa Hart – Clinical
Instructor – Virtua – WJ –Voorhees
Nancy Buehler – Clinical
Instructor – Virtua – WJ – Berlin
Patricia Truitt – Clinical
Instructor – Virtua – WJ – Berlin
Dana Poplawski – Clinical
Instructor – SOCH
Barbara Augustine – Clinical
Instructor – SOCH
Marsha Monfort – Clinical
Instructor – SOCH
Suzanne Ross – Clinical
Instructor – Lourdes
Virginia Emerson – Clinical
Instructor – Lourdes
Marcia Botel – Clinical
Instructor – Lourdes
Rose Johnson – Clinical
Instructor - Traveling
Elizabeth W. Price - Director of
Radiologic Sciences
Radiography Program Clinical Sites
Virtua – Memorial Hospital
of Burlington County
- (609) 267-0700 - 43735
Virtua – West Jersey – Voorhees – (856) – 325-3788
Virtua –
West Jersey – Berlin
– (856)- 322-3310
Southern Ocean County
Hospital - (609) 978-8932
Lourdes Hospital – (609) 835-2900 – 4237
Accredited by: Joint
Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology
20 N. Wacker Drive, Suite 900
Chicago, Illinois 60606-2901
(312) 704-5300
Radiologic Technology
Board of Examiners
Department of
Environmental Protection
Radiation Protection
Programs
PO Box 415
Trenton, NJ 08625
(609) 984-5890
Rev. 10/97, Rev. 4/98, Rev. 4/99, Rev. 4/00, Rev. 4/01, Rev.
12/01, Rev. 4/02, Rev. 4/03, Rev. 4/04, Rev. 4/05, Rev. 4/06
Radiography Program
History
In the late 1950’s, the radiologists of Burlington County
Memorial Hospital recognized the need for appropriately trained radiographers
to produce the high quality x-ray images required for accurate patient
diagnosis. As a result, an on-the-job
informal training process was begun. In
1962, under the direction of Loretta Urbanik, the American Medical Association
awarded the program accreditation.
As the science of radiology became more complex, so did the
training needs. In 1985, Memorial
Hospital Program Director Mary Alice Statkiewicz Sherer and Connie Churchill of
the Math/Science Department at Burlington
County College
developed a cooperative program jointly offered by the hospital and
college. This program cumulated in a
certificate of completion granted by the hospital and an AAS degree conferred
by the college. Upon completion, program
graduates were eligible to sit for the American Registry of Radiologic
Technologists certification examination and apply for state licensure. To date, 97% of program graduates have passed
the ARRT examination on the first attempt with mean scores higher than the
state and national averages.
The Radiography Program, under the sponsorship of Memorial
Hospital of Burlington County has been accredited by the Joint Review Committee
on Education in Radiologic Technology (JRC ERT) and it predecessors since
1962). The State of New Jersey Department
of Environmental Protection Bureau of Radiological Health (NJ DEP) also
accredited the program.
Recognizing that a college setting could provide program
students with a wider variety of educational opportunities program offices and
didactic classes were moved to the college campus in 1997. Under the guidance of Sharon Grovatt, the
hospital faculty redesigned the existing curriculum to develop a program, which
is compatible with other college offerings.
In October 1998, Burlington
County College
received accreditation with JRC ERT and in December of that year, accreditation
with the NJ-DEP. In May of 2000, the
program expanded to include two additional clinical sites. The program was revisited by JRCERT in April
of 2001 and 8-year accreditation granted.
The program has an exceptional reputation for educating entry-level
radiographers. In May of 2002, the
program further expanded to include two more additional clinical sites and
under the JRCERT 2002 Standards was able to increase student capacity to 14
entering students.
The Profession
The practice of radiography is performed by a segment of
health care professionals responsible for the administration of ionizing
radiation to humans and animals for diagnostic, therapeutic or research
purposes. This objective is accomplished
by:
arranging devices to lessen
discomfort and prevent patient motion
positioning the patient for
imaging of the desired area
adjusting equipment/factors to
obtain a clear undistorted view of the area of interest
determining proper current,
voltage and exposure time for each procedure
preparing and administering
contrast media
evaluating radiographic quality
of obtained images
ensuring radiation protection for
personnel, patients and the general public
keeping records/ files and
preparing reports of procedures.
Integral to radiography are:
direct patient care,
communication skills and technical/scientific activities.
Mission
The mission of the Radiography Program is to provide
educational activities related to rendering care to the sick and injured and
providing quality radiography education, which meets intellectual, employment
and cultural goals. Serving as a link in
partnership with the health care community, the program seeks to improve the
technological skill of the Burlington
County workforce. The radiography program is responsive to
students’ needs by using creative methods of education to meet cognitive,
affective and psychomotor objectives.
The program provides an educational environment structured to develop a
competent health care professional who possesses the qualifications necessary
to fulfill the responsibilities associated with the profession; maintains
respect for ethical standards; possesses personal maturity and attains the
maximum realization of his/her potential.
To achieve program mission, the student must achieve the
following educational goals.
1. Understand
the potential of man for growth and development.
2. Understand the basic principles
and concepts of the profession.
3. Possess skills of an entry-level
diagnostic radiographer.
4. Demonstrate
a well-rounded educational background to function as a qualified health care professional.
5. Appreciate the value of quality
radiological services and the impact the profession has on the health care delivery system.
6. Establish interpersonal communication
and empathize with the patient and healthcare professionals.
The mission
statement and goals of the program have evolved from the Cooperative
Radiography Program operated jointly by Memorial Hospital of Burlington County
and BCC. The statistics gathered from
that program were used to set the benchmark standards for the program sponsored
by Burlington County College. In the past, these goals have produced high
quality radiography program graduates.
These benchmarks are evaluated on a yearly basis.
The Radiography Program sponsored by BCC has a goal to
achieve the following benchmarks:
1.
Eighty-five percent of the student matriculated into
the program will graduate.
2.
Eighty-five percent of the students graduating from the
program will have completed all program requirements within 150% of the
published program length once matriculated into the program.
3.
Eighty-five percent of the returned employer surveys
will have a positive response to the graduate’s clinical performance and
clinical competence.
4.
Eighty-five percent of the returned employer surveys
will have a positive response to the graduate’s problem solving and critical
thinking skills.
5.
Eighty-five percent of the returned employer surveys
will have a positive response to the graduate’s communication skills.
6.
Fifty percent of the returned alumni surveys will
indicate that they have or will continue their education in radiology or take
advance registries.
7.
Fifty percent of the returned alumni surveys will indicate
that they have membership in a professional organization.
8.
Eighty percent of the returned alumni surveys will have
a positive response to the education they received.
9.
Eighty percent of the returned employer surveys will
have a positive response to the education they received.
10.
The mean score on the ARRT examination for program
graduates is not less than 83%, over the past 5 years. The class registry pass rate is not less than
90% on the first attempt.
11.
The job placement for program graduates is not less
than 80% within six month of graduation.
The Individual
The faculty believes that each individual is a unique being
possessing worth and dignity, who is constantly interacting with the internal
and external environment to meet human needs.
These needs must be fulfilled to maintain individual homeostasis. Adaptation, as associated with homeostasis,
is the mechanism used by the individual to compensate for unmet or partially
met needs. The fulfillment of safety,
energy and sensory needs is required to help meet the individual’s needs. Security and esteem are important to the
well-being of each person.
The Teaching/Learning
Process
Teaching is imparting knowledge to facilitate the
achievement of the academic goals of the learner. Teaching methods address the individualized
need of a diverse student population.
Learning, a process that is continuous throughout life,
requires readiness of the learner to set and achieve goals. The intent of this process is to acquire
knowledge, skills and behavioral changes through study, experience, instruction
and interactions with a teacher.
Major goals of the teaching/learning process are to develop:
self-awareness
self-direction
critical thinking
accountability.
These goals are achieved through pedagogical methodologies
that facilitate exchange of ideas, address individual learning styles, and
encourage mutual trust and respect.
Radiography Education is a cooperative process involving
teachers and learners actively pursuing and sharing knowledge. The faculty believes that radiography
education is best achieved in an organized setting that encourages
self-directed acquisition of knowledge progressing from simple to complex. Instruction is accomplished by methods of
precepting, example, and recounting experience.
State-of-the-art instructional strategies and technologies incorporated
into the program enhance a quality radiography education. By structuring a collegiate curriculum, the
faculty confirms their beliefs that excellence in radiography is best developed
in an atmosphere of higher education.
The faculty also believes that concurrent education in the arts and
humanities, as well as in the basic sciences, represents an essential element
in providing the radiography student with an integrated body of knowledge.
Purposes of the
Radiography Program
This program provides the graduate with the necessary
theoretical and clinical background to function as an associate degree
radiographer in a variety of health care settings. Academic mobility is facilitated by the
design of the curriculum and transferability of credits into upper division
healthcare education programs.
the purposes of the program are to:
·
provide opportunities for the study of
radiography that are academically sound, practice oriented and financially
feasible;
·
prepare clinically competent associate degree
graduates for entry level positions;
·
prepare graduates who will be eligible to take
the American Registry of Radiologic Technologist (ARRT) certification
examination
ACADEMIC PROGRESSION
The Radiography Program requires 70 credits for graduation:
48 radiography credits and 22 credits in college general
education courses. The graduate receives
an Associate in Applied Science (AAS) degree for Radiographers.
Transcripts
Students taking supporting courses at other institutions
must keep their records at BCC current.
Please arrange for transcripts to be sent to the Registrar so your
record will include the correct pre- and co-requisites and graduation requirements. Transferred courses must have the same number
of credits to be equivalent to BCC’s courses.
General education courses and supporting courses may be
taken earlier than suggested and in any sequence. However, it is important to plan that all
supporting course indicated as pre- or co-requisites to specific radiography
courses are taken in the appropriate order.
Example
RAD 122 is a co-requisite of RAD 114 so it must be taken no
later than the same semester as RAD 114 and prior to Clinical Procedures 3 (RAD
123).
Co-requisite Courses:
Radiographic Exposures I (RAD 105) & Clinical Procedures
I (RAD 121)
Radiographic Exposures II (RAD 114) & Clinical
Procedures II (RAD 122) & Principles of Radiation Protection & Biology
(RAD 107)
Equipment Operation and Maintenance (RAD 120) & Clinical
Procedures V (RAD 225)
Any student failing pre-or co-requisites or radiography
courses must withdraw from the radiography program until these courses are
successfully completed. RE-admission to
the radiography program will be considered at that time on a space available
basis only.
RADIOGRAPHY COURSES
Clinical Procedures I (RAD 121) This
course provides basic information concerning ethical and legal behavior in a
healthcare environment. Emphasis is
placed on patient care principles, radiation protection measures and sterile
technique applicable to radiographic procedures. The pharmacology of radiology is
examined. The student is taught to
perform radiographic procedures of the upper extremity, shoulder girdle, chest
and thorax. Hands-on instruction in the
proper use of fixed and mobile radiographic equipment and application of
theoretical principles are demonstrated in a laboratory setting. Subsequent hands-on experience is provided
under the direct supervision of qualified radiographers. Achieved competency is measured.
3/2/0/8
Corequisite :Radiographic Exposure I
Radiographic Exposure I (RAD 105) The
factors that influence the production of the radiographic image are
presented. The student will learn
processing requirements, components and procedures. The construction of the elements of image
production are identified. Application
of theoretical principles is demonstrated in the clinical setting.
3/0/0/0
Corequisite: Clinical Procedures I
Clinical Procedures 2 (RAD 122) The student learns to perform radiographic
procedures of the lower extremity, pelvic girdle and abdomen. Hands-on instruction I the proper use of
fixed and mobile radiographic equipment and application of theoretical
principles are demonstrated in a laboratory setting. Subsequent hands-on experience is provided
under the supervision of qualified radiographers. Achieved competency is measured and pertinent
initial clinical competency testing is performed.
2/2/0/16
Prerequisite: Clinical Procedures I
Corequisite: Principles of Radiation Protection, BIO 112
Radiographic Exposure 2 (RAD 114) This course is a
continuation of RAD-105 and the prime factors of image production are
reviewed. Imaging standards an analysis
techniques are presented. The concepts
of quality control and quality assurance are identified. Various exposure systems are compared and
radiologic science theories and techniques are applied in the clinical setting.
3/0/0/0
Prerequisite: Radiographic Exposure I
Corequisite: Clinical Procedures II, Prin. of Radiation
Protection
Radiation Protection & Biology (RAD 107) Radiation
effects on cells and living tissues are discussed. The principles and responsibilities of
radiation protection are presented.
Federal and state regulations are identified.
2/0/0/0
Prerequisites: Radiographic Exposure I, Clinical Procedures
I
Corequisites: Clinical Procedures II,
Clinical Procedures 3 (RAD 123) The
student learns to perform radiographic procedures of the spine and skull. Hands-on instruction in the proper use of
fixed and mobile radiographic equipment and application of theoretical
principles are demonstrated in a laboratory setting. Subsequent hands-on experience is provided
under the supervision of qualified radiographers. Achieved competency is measured and pertinent
initial and continual clinical competency testing is performed.
2/2/0/24
Prerequisite: Clinical Procedures II
Corequisite: BIO 113
Clinical Procedures 4 (RAD 224) The
student learns to perform radiographic procedures of the biliary,
cardiovascular, central nervous, digestive, reproductive and urinary
systems. The concept of interventional
radiography is addressed. Hands-on
instruction in the proper use of fixed and mobile radiographic and accessory
equipment and application of theoretical principles are demonstrated in a
laboratory setting. Subsequent hands-on
experience is provided under the supervision of qualified radiographers. Achieved competency is measured and pertinent
initial and continual clinical competency testing is performed.
2/2/0/24
Prerequisite: Clinical Procedures III
Clinical Procedures 5 (RAD 225) The student learns to
perform various computed tomographic procedures. Previously mastered anatomy is presented in
transverse, coronal and sagittal planes.
Pathology and disease as they relate to various radiographic procedures
are instructed. Emphasis is placed on
the required variation in radiographic exposure techniques. Hands-on instruction in the proper use of
radiographic equipment and application of theoretical principles are
demonstrated. Subsequent hands-on
experience is provided under the supervision of qualified radiographers. Achieved competency is measured and pertinent
initial and continual clinical competency testing is performed.
2/0/0/24
Prerequisite: Clinical Procedures IV
Corequisite: Equipment Operation & Maintenance
Equipment Operation and Maintenance (RAD 120) The
construction, instrumentation and underlying physical principles of various
types of imaging equipment are covered.
Fluoroscopic, image intensifying, mobile and various specialized systems
are discussed. Emphasis is placed on
safe operating procedures and limits of radiographic equipment.
4/0/0/0
Prerequisite: Principles of Radiation Protection
Clinical Procedures 6 (RAD 226) This course is designed to
allow the student sufficient clinical practicum to achieve entry level clinical
competence. Hands-on experience is
provided under the supervision of qualified radiographers. Clinical rotations in advanced modalities may
be made available during this semester with the permission of the clinical
instructor. Achieved competency and
pertinent initial (CT) and final clinical competency testing is performed.
0/0/0/24
Prerequisite: Clinical Procedures V
RADIOGRAPHY SUPPORT
COURSES
Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology (BIO 110/111, BIO
114/115) This course includes
discussion of the skeletal system, muscular system, integument system, nervous
system, and cell physiology studies.
Laboratory session stresses organ dissection.
prerequisite: high school
science recommended
Medical Terminology (HIT 105) The study of the language of medicine,
focusing on prefixes, suffixes, word roots and their combining forms. This course includes word construction,
spelling, usage, comprehension and pronunciation. Along with terminology, students are provided
with information regarding anatomy, symptomology, pathology and
diagnostic/surgical procedures.
General Psychology (PSY 101) This course is designed to
provide a general understanding and application of the basic principles of
psychology. Topics will include history
of psychology, scientific methods as employed y psychology, psychological basis
of behavior, maturation, development, principles of learning, thinking and communication,
language, perception, memory and creativity.
Principles of Sociology (SOC 101) This course is an introduction to the
concepts in the field of sociology.
Focuses on the social interaction of individuals with one another, of
individuals with groups and of groups with one another.
English Composition I (ENG 101) This course is designed to help students
develop skills in expository writing.
Emphasis will be placed on pre-writing, organization, methods of development
and diction.
prerequisite: Successful
completion of ENG 075 or placement based on diagnostic testing.
Introduction to Philosophy (PHI 101) This course introduces the students to some
of the fundamental questions concerning knowledge, existence and value.
Emphasis on examining the original works of important philosophers rather than
secondary accounts of these philosophers’ theories.
Fundamentals of Computer Science (CIS 101) This is an
overview of computer information systems.
This course introduces computer hardware, software, representation and
processing of data, design of algorithms, systems and procedures, and computer
languages. An introduction to popular
microcomputer application software such as WordPerfect, dBase, and Lotus is
provided. The fundamentals of problem
solving and programming in a high-level computer language are discussed and
applied.
Introduction to Statistics (MTH 107) A first course in basic
statistical concepts. Topics include
frequency distributions of empirical data, calculations of descriptive
statistics, probability distributions, confidence intervals, hypothesis
testing, chi square, regression and correlation.
co-requisite: enrollment in
or eligibility for ENG 101
All general education credits in the A.A.S. degree for
radiographers at Burlington
County College
afford the graduate the foundation to easily pursue additional higher
educational programs.
Please Note: There are no substitutes for radiography
support/general education courses
Courses taken earlier than required may be retaken to
improve the grade and progress in the radiography program will not be affected
until the co-requisite course is reached.
GRADING POLICY
Maintaining GPA
Students must maintain a GPA of 2.5 or better to remain in
the program. If the GPA falls below 2.3,
the student must withdraw from the program and apply to reenter on a
space-available basis when the GPA is above 2.5. Students should monitor their GPA at the end
of each semester.
Radiography Course
Grading Scale
A
93-100
B+ 90-92
B
86-89
C+ 83-85
C
79-82
F
< 79
S Satisfactory
U Unsatisfactory
A student who receives a grade < 79 in theory, U in
clinical experience, or U in any of the lab components will fail the entire
course.
A student must achieve a grade of “C” or better in any
radiography course to advance to the next radiography course. A grade below “C” in any radiography course
requires the student to reapply and repeat that course before advancing to the
next course or graduating.
If the student is readmitted to the Radiography Program,
he/she must repeat the entire course (theory, clinical and lab components).
If a student fails to maintain a “C” in two radiography
courses, there is no consideration for re-admission to the program.
Supporting Courses
For students to enter or remain in the radiography program,
they must have attained a grade of “C” or better in all the radiography support
courses, ENG 101, BIO 110/111, BIO 114/115, HIT 105, SOC 101, PSY 101, MTH 107,
CIS 101 and PHI 101.
A student in the radiography program receiving less than a
“C” grade in any of the above courses will not be given credit toward meeting
radiography requirements. If a students
receives less than “C” in a co-requisite course, he/she will be required to
drop out of the radiography program until a “C” grade or better has been
attained. At that time, the student may
apply for re-admission.
Some radiography exams may be given in the classroom others
may be scheduled in the Test
Center at the
college. This is the prerogative of the
individual instructor. All final exams
will be in the classroom.
Tests that are graded by the Test Center
are listed on an Answer Pattern Report.
For the students’ privacy and security, Burlington County
College prefers to post
students’ test scores using only the last four digits of their social security
number.
Radiography students who would like their grades posted must
sign a permission to Post Grades form.
One form serves for all radiography semesters.
lambda nu
Lambda Nu is a national honor society for the radiologic and
imaging sciences. Its objectives are to:
·
Foster academic scholarship at the highest
academic levels
·
Promote research and investigation in the
radiologic and imaging sciences
·
Recognize exemplary scholarship
Individuals who have achieved academic honors are welcome to
apply for acceptance into Lambda Nu. The
criteria are:
·
Posses a GPA of 3.4 or higher on a 4.0 scale
after three semesters of a professional
program
·
Enrollment in a radiologic or imaging sciences
program as a full time student for at least three terms
·
Evidence of professional commitment beyond
minimal requirements of the program including , but not limited to:
·
Actively pursuing an independent research paper
- Active
membership in a professional organization, as evidenced by:
Holding
office or committee appointments
Preparing for presentation
of a professional paper or poster
Preparing for
competition in a Quiz-Bowl
DiRECTOR’S LIST
The Director’s List is for Nursing, Health Information
Technology and Radiography students. It
is in recognition for outstanding academic achievement by students during the
summer, fall and spring semesters for the Radiography students. The student receiving the award will have
achieved, for the semester, a grade of “B” or higher in their “program of
study” courses and have a CUM GPA of 3.50 or higher.
GRaduation Requirements
The Graduate of the associate degree radiography program is
educated to function as a diagnostic radiographer in a variety of settings,
such as hospitals, imaging centers and private offices. The graduate integrates the component of
Radiologic science to function as a member of the health care delivery team
within the scope of associate degree radiography practice. Ongoing professional development as a member
of the discipline is an expected behavior of associate degree graduates. Participation in continuing radiography
education is required of all registered technologists. Demonstration of accountability to peers and
consumers of radiology services and contributions to improving the delivery of
health care are also expected.
To be eligible for graduation, the student must:
1. meet all
didactic education requirements;
2. meet all
clinical education requirements;
3. achieve
minimal terminal competencies by being able to:
a. provide
basic patient care and comfort
b. apply principles
of body mechanics
c. recognize
emergency patient conditions
d. initiate
first aid and basic life support
e. practice
radiation protection for the patient, self and others
f. position
the patient and imaging system to perform radiographic procedures
g. modify
standard procedures to accommodate for patient condition
h. in
accordance with the ALARA concept, determine proper exposure factors to obtain diagnostic quality
radiographs
i. adapt
exposure factors for various conditions/situations
j. perform basic
mathematical functions
k apply
knowledge of quality assurance
l. objectively
critique radiographers for various factors
m. process
radiographs
n. operate
radiographic imaging equipment and accessory devices
o. evaluate
radiographic system performance within safe limits and communicate results appropriately
p. effectively
use oral and written communication
q. exercise
independent judgment and discretion in the technical performance of medical imaging procedures
r. demonstrate
an acceptable standard of medical ethics in the performance of all duties
s. recognize
the need to keep skills and knowledge through continuing education
It is the responsibility of the graduate to submit the
appropriate application and fee to BCC for the obtainment of the AAS degree in
radiography within time frames published in the college catalog.
GRADE APPEAL PROCESS
An appeal procedure is available should a student feel that
a grade is unjustified. Appeals must be
taken seriously and should only be made where the student feels there is strong
evidence of injustice.
1. The
student must discuss his/her concern with the instructor.
2. If no
agreement can be reached, then the student may appeal to the Director of the Division
3. Finally,
the student may continue the grievance/appeal process by contacting the Dean of the Division.
RADIOGRAPHY PROGRAM OBJECTIVES
by Semester
FIRST YEAR - SUMMER
SEMESTER
Upon completion of the first semester, the student
radiographer will be able to:
1. discuss and apply elementary principles of
radiation protection for self, patient and
other personnel.
2. apply principles of body mechanics.
3. discuss the history of medicine with
emphasis upon Radiology.
4. discuss the structure of a radiography
program in the State of New Jersey.
5. discuss the organizational structure of
the program.
6. effectively communicate by using the
language of medicine orally and in written form.
7. conduct oneself in a professional and
ethical manner.
8. discuss various medico-legal
considerations.
9. provide basic patient care and comfort.
10. empathize
with the patient.
11. recognize
emergency patient conditions and seek appropriate medical assistance.
12. utilize the
Radiology computer system.
13. perform basic
clerical procedures associated with the Department of Radiology.
14. utilize
skills developed in expository writing.
15. identify the
skeletal structure and topographic landmarks of the upper extremity, shoulder girdle and thorax.
16. Explain the
procedure for performing radiographic examinations of the upper extremity, shoulder girdle, chest
and thorax.
17. explain the
procedure for and be able to process radiographs.
18. discuss
factors that govern and influence the production of the radiographic image on radiographic film.
19. combine
appropriate aspects of first semester radiography courses to perform radiographic examinations of the
upper extremity, shoulder girdle, chest and thorax.
The above objectives are covered as follows:
Objectives: Course:
1-5 Introduction
6 HIT
105
7-13, 15, 16, 19 RAD
121
14 ENG
101
17, 18 RAD
105
FIRST YEAR - FALL
SEMESTER
Upon completion of the second semester, the student
radiographer will be able to:
1. achieve all objectives from the previous
semester.
2. identify and explain anatomical
structures and physiology of the skeletal, muscular,
integumentary, nervous, cell physiology studies.
3. identify the
skeletal structure and topographic landmarks of the abdomen, pelvic girdle and lower extremities.
4. explain the procedure for performing
radiographic examinations of the abdomen, pelvic girdle and lower
extremity.
5. discuss factors that govern and influence
the production of the radiographic image on radiographic image on
radiographic film.
6. select from a group of radiographs,
those radiographs which are of diagnostic
quality.
7. identify anatomical parts of the upper
extremity, shoulder girdle, thorax, abdomen
pelvic girdle and lower extremity
which are visible on a given radiograph.
8. evaluate finished radiographs for
technical errors and make recommendations for
correction.
9. explain the principles of radiation
biology.
10. discuss and apply
all necessary principles of radiation protection for self, patient and other personnel.
11. combine
appropriate aspects of all current and preceding radiography courses to
perform radiographic examinations
of the abdomen, pelvic girdle, lower extremity in addition to previous
examinations.
The above objectives are covered as follows:
Objectives: Course:
1 Previous
semester
2 BIO
110/111
3,4, 6-8, 11 RAD
122
5 RAD
114
9-10 RAD
107
FIRST YEAR - SPRING
SEMESTER
Upon completion of the third semester, the student
radiography will be able to:
1. achieve all objectives from the previous
semesters.
2. identify the skeletal structure and
topographic landmarks of the spine and skull.
3. discuss the concepts of mobile
radiography and identify the various types of portable radiographic equipment.
4. explain the
procedure for performing radiographic examinations of the spine, skull and mobile procedures.
5. select from
a group of radiographs those radiographs which are of diagnostic quality.
6. identify anatomical parts of the spine
and skull which are visible on a finished radiograph.
7. evaluate finished radiographs for
technical errors and make recommendations for correction.
8. discuss and perform the basic principles
of CPR.
9. identify and explain anatomical
structures and physiology of the circulatory, respiratory, urinary, digestive
and reproductive systems.
10. discuss the
various aspects of social science.
11. combine
appropriate aspects of all current and preceding radiography courses to perform radiographic examinations
of the spine, skull and mobile procedures in addition to previous examinations.
Objectives: Course:
1 Previous
semester
2-7, 11 RAD
123
8 CPR
renewal
9 BIO
114/115
10 SOC
101
SECOND YEAR - SUMMER
SEMESTER
Upon completion of the fourth semester, the student
radiography will be able to:
1. achieve all objectives from the previous
semesters.
2. identify topographic landmarks associated
with the digestive, biliary, reproductive and urinary systems.
3. identify the various types of
fluoroscopic and tomographic equipment.
4. explain the use of contrast media for
radiographic or fluoroscopic procedures of the biliary, digestive,
reproductive and urinary systems.
5. explain the procedure for performing
radiographic examinations of the biliary, digestive, reproductive and
urinary systems.
6. identify anatomical parts of the
digestive, biliary, reproductive and urinary systems
on finished radiographs.
7. select from a group of radiographs those
radiographs which are of diagnostic quality.
8. evaluate finished radiographs for
technical errors and make recommendations for corrections.
9. discuss the various aspects of quality
assurance.
10. explain the
impact of various radiographic systems on the production of quality images,
11. discuss the
disciplines interrelated to radiography.
12. combine
appropriate aspects of all current and preceding radiography courses, to perform radiographic examinations
of the biliary, digestive, reproductive and urinary system in addition to
previous examinations.
Objectives: Course:
1 Previous
semester
2-13 RAD
224
SECOND YEAR - FALL
SEMESTER
Upon completion of the fifth semester, the student
radiographer will be able to:
1. achieve all objectives from the previous
semester.
2. read and discuss representative forms of
literature.
3. explain the concepts of radiation physics
in the areas of electrostatics,
electrodynamics, currents,
circuits, magnetism, electromagnetism, rectification, x-ray tubes, x-ray
circuits and the production and characteristics of x-radiation.
4. identify topographic landmarks associated
with advance radiographic procedures.
5. explain the procedure for performing
advanced radiographic examinations.
6. identify
the various types of equipment used for advanced radiographic
procedures.
7. explain the use of contrast media used in
advanced radiographic procedures.
8. identify anatomical parts visualized on a
finished radiograph when advanced
radiographic procedures are
performed.
9. select from a group of radiographs those
radiographs which are of diagnostic
quality.
10. evaluate
finished radiographs for technical errors and make recommendations for
correction.
11. combine
appropriate of all current and preceding radiography courses to perform
advanced radiographic procedures
in addition to previous examinations.
Objectives: Course:
1 Previous
semester
2 PSY
101
3 RAD
120
4-11 RAD
225
SECOND YEAR - SPRING
SEMESTER
Upon completion of the sixth semester, the student
radiography will be able to:
1. achieve all objectives from the previous
semesters.
2. discuss and perform the basic principles
of CPR.
3. discuss subject matter taught in the
humanities (art/music/philosophy or the performing
arts).
4. identify imaging modalities that utilize
transverse anatomy.
5. identify transverse human anatomy of
various body areas on provided diagrams orimage
receptor(s).
6. discuss the concept of pathology and
disease as they relate to various radiographic procedures.
7. adjust radiographic exposure factors to
compensate for the presence of existing pathology.
8. discuss questions pertinent to
radiography as preparation for certification.
9. with entry level skills, perform all
duties associated with the profession.
10. utilize basic
statistical concepts
11. discuss the
role of computers in medicine and radiology.
Objectives: Course:
1 Previous
semester
2 CPR
renewal
3 Humanities
option
4-9 RAD
225
10 MTH
107
11 CIS
101
Competency Based CLINICAL
Education
Competency Based
Education
Competency based clinical education is a progressive
approach to the clinical development of a student. The steps for successfully completing this
process are listed in sequence.
1. Clinical observation
2. Classroom instruction and testing
3. Lab demonstration and testing
4. Clinical participation (under direct
supervision)
5. Initial Competency Testing
6. Clinical participation (under indirect
supervision)
7. Continual Competency Testing
8. Final Competency Testing
Clinical Observation
Beginning May of the 1st year, students are
scheduled in a clinical site for an observational rotation. During this time students are expected to
assist the radiographer to the best of their abilities and training to date but
are NOT permitted to perform any procedure until it has been presented and
tested in the classroom and laboratory settings.
Classroom Instruction
and Testing
Beginning with the first day of the summer semester of the
Junior year, the students will receive didactic instruction which will lay the
foundation for the performance of clinical procedures. Periodic testing will document student
mastery of the information.
To pass the theory portion of each radiography course the
student must:
follow the course outline and
take each test as scheduled
pass with an average test grade
of 79% or better
pass all written assignments
adhere to the radiography course
attendance policy
Lab
Clinical labs are scheduled following didactic instruction
to provide hands on application and skill development. The clinical laboratory procedure will
consist of instructor demonstration, student practice, and student return
demonstration. The instructor(s) will
document participation, evaluate and grade student return demonstration.
Students will learn and practice clinical skills in the lab
before they are performed in the clinical setting.
To pass the lab portion of each radiography course the
student must:
obtain a passing grade on each
lab return demonstration
attend all scheduled labs (or
make-ups).
Clinical
Participation (Direct Supervision)
Following the successful completion of laboratory return
demonstration of a particular examination, the student will actively participate
in that examination under the direct supervision of a qualified, currently
licensed radiographer.
Direct
Supervision means the radiographer will:
1. review the exam request
2. evaluate the condition of the patient
3. be present in the room during the
examination
4. review and approve the completed
radiographs before the patient leaves
5. be present in the room for any repeat
radiographs.
Initial Competency
Testing
Beginning with the Fall semester of the Junior year and
after the student has performed a minimum number of cases for a specific body
part under direct supervision; he/she may request Initial Competency Testing.
Clinical
Participation (Indirect Supervision)
Upon the successful completion of Initial Competency
Testing, the student progresses to indirect supervision by a qualified,
currently license radiographer for that procedure.
Indirect
Supervision means the radiographer will:
1. review the exam request
2. evaluate the condition of the patient
3. be immediately available to assist the
student regardless of the level of student
achievement
4. review and approve the completed
radiographs before the patient leaves
5. be present in the room for any repeat
radiographs
The student may remain under indirect supervision for exams
of this specific body part for the remainder of the 24 months program. During this period the student will continue
to strengthen his/her skills in this exam under more difficult situation (eg.
trauma, difficult patient, etc.)
Mobile radiography and operating room rotations remove the
student from the department and ready access to qualified individuals. Therefore, all radiographic procedures in
these rotations will be performed under the direct supervision of a licensed
radiographer regardless of the level of competence the student has achieved.
If, at any time, a program official observes a student
performing a procedures and in his/her opinion the student is not fully
competent in that procedure, the student will revert to direct supervision for
that procedure.
Continual Competency
Testing
Beginning with Spring semester of the Junior year, continual
competency Testing is conducted to ensure that the student has maintained
proficiency in a particular exam for which he/she has already passed initial
testing.
Final Competency
Testing
Final Competency Testing is conducted prior to
graduation. This encompasses various
exams to ensure that the student has remained proficient in all previously
tested categories. This evaluation will
be conducted after all initial Competency Testing has been successfully
completed and will take place in the final month.
To pass the clinical experience of each radiography course,
the student must:
1. receive
a grade of 85% or better on all Required Behaviors identified on the Clinical Performance Evaluation form.
2.
demonstrate mastery of all published clinical rotation performance objectives
3.
demonstrate all previously required BCC Radiography Course Behaviors
4. obtain a
passing grade on 100% of the required Clinical Competency category items
5. practice
safety measures pertaining to the patient, self, others and the environment
6. adhere
to the radiography program attendance policy. Attendance in clinical is necessary for the instructor to adequately
evaluate required behaviors.
Clinical Performance
Evaluation Tools
Three clinical performance evaluation tools are utilized to
assess vital aspects of clinical objective mastery, i.e. Clinical Performance
Evaluation, Clinical Rotation Evaluation and Clinical Procedure Competency
Evaluation.
Self-evaluation is a valued affective behavior in a
healthcare professional and is fostered in all Radiography Program
students. The Clinical Performance
Evaluation consists of criterion referenced clinical objectives. This means that each student is evaluated in
terms of how he/she has met the stated objectives and not in comparison with
other students’ performance.
First semester radiography students require a mid-semester
evaluation to enable the student to initiate self-evaluation behavior. This formative evaluation also allows the
student to set personal goals and the instructor the opportunity to provide
support and direction for continued clinical performance. Clinical performance evaluation forms are
competed by both the instructor and the student. Each student meets individually with the
instructor for the final evaluation.
A grade of “U” (Unsatisfactory) at midterm should be
accompanied by an explanation of required behaviors on the part of the student
to achieve an “S” grade. If a student
receives an “NA” (Not Applicable), it indicates that the students has not had
the opportunity to demonstrate a Desired Behavior but has been present for all clinical
experiences.
As the objectives for each successive clinical rotation
within a specific area are dependent on the mastery of previous rotation
objectives, the clinical instructor will evaluate student achievement of
published objectives at the completion of each clinical rotation using the
Clinical Rotate Evaluation. Students are
required to achieve an 85% in all Required Behaviors before progressing to the
next successive clinical rotation.
Clinical Procedure Competency Evaluation is used to
determine students’ mastery of clinical procedures. Competency evaluation is designed to assess
the student’s development of clinical skills, verify level of competency
maintained and ensure that the graduate has achieved entry-level clinical
skills. To assure each step has been
achieved, evaluation will be performed in a progressive fashion. The steps utilized are initial, continual and
final evaluation.
Clinical Performance
Guidelines for Satisfactory and Safe Performance
Students will perform within the legal and ethical codes of
radiology; demonstrate accountability in imaging procedures and provide for
appropriate patient, personnel and general public radiation safety and/or
monitoring.
Examples of unsafe or unsatisfactory performance include,
but are not limited to, the following:
a. inappropriate behavior in any assigned
clinical experience, such as not reporting
known errors, falsifying documents, signatures, or assignments,
b. incorrect or omission of appropriate
radiation safety and/or monitoring,such
as imagining equipment abuse, gross procedure errors or failure tocomply
with monitoring standards,
c. physical, mental or emotional abuse of
patients,
d. inappropriate interpersonal relations
with agency staff, peers, or faculty members,
e. failure to accurately document imaging
procedure parameters,
f. failure to maintain confidentiality of
patient information and records,
g. failure to notify the agency and/or
clinical instructor of absence,
h. coming to clinical under the influence
of alcohol/drugs,
i.
unexcused tardiness/absence to clinical assignments
j.
abuse of the attendance policy
k.
insubordination to technologists, radiology staff or
program officials.
l.
performing repeats, portables, or operating room exams
without direct supervision
A student whose behavior is unsafe or unsatisfactory may be
removed from the clinical area at the discretion of the clinical
instructor. Such behavior may result in
an unsatisfactory grade for clinical or dismissal from the program.
CLINICAL ROTATION POLICY
ROTATION AREAS
Each student is scheduled for the indicated number of
two-week rotations in the following areas of diagnostic radiology.
1. darkroom/sorting area - 1
2. radiology office/control desk - 1
3. chest room - 1
4. general diagnostic radiography - 6
5. emergency department radiography - 6
6. fluoroscopy - 5
7. intravenous urography - 5
8. operating room radiography - 5
9. mobile radiography - 5
10. mammography - 2
11. special diagnostic radiography - 1
12. computed tomography/MRI - 2
13. cardiac cath lab - 1 day observation (fall)
14. dexa scan -
1 day observation (spring)
15. lithotripsy - 1 day observation (summer)
16 radiation therapy, US, NM - two
day rotation each (summer, fall)
Clinical education objectives specific to each clinical
rotation are published to the student prior to the rotation. At the completion of the rotation, student’s
performance will be evaluated by a clinical instructor or assignee based on
these objectives. Additionally, the
radiographer and/or supervisor assigned to the area will provide a brief
written student performance review.
Students involved in mobile and operating room rotations
will not spend 100% of their clinical time in these areas (due to the nature of
the area); therefore, they will report to the following areas during non-peak
hours.
Mobile -
General Diagnostic/Chest Room
A single two-week rotation is available in the following
radiology related disciplines in order to create an awareness of these
specialties in the second year of the program.
1.
nuclear medicine
2.
radiation oncology
3. diagnostic medical sonography
Collectively, radiography related disciplines may not
account for more than 10% of the total clinical education experience. If a student expresses an interest in a
specific discipline, he/she may elect to spend additional time in that area
during the Summer semester of the Senior year provided that the related
discipline total does not exceed the maximum.
Clinical education objectives, specific to each radiography
related discipline rotation, are published to the student prior to the
rotation. At the completion of the
rotation student performance will be evaluated, an area specialist, as based on
these objectives. Additionally, the area
supervisor (or assignee) will provide a brief written student performance
review.
RESTRICTIONS
Fluoro
Students will not fluoroscope any patient, in any location,
at any time, for any reason.
Operating Room
No more than two students shall be permitted in a single OR
room at any time. In the event that more
than two students are scheduled for a single two week rotation in the OR, the
second year student will receive preference in case observation. Should a second case (either in the hospital
or in the Ambulatory
Surgery Center;
requiring a second radiographer) occur while the first case is in progress, up
to two additional students (assigned to this rotation) will be permitted to
observe this case under the direct supervision of the second radiographer.
Once the case has been completed, the students observing
that case must return to the radiography department with the supervising
radiographer. Under no circumstances may
a student remain in the operating room area unsupervised.
All students leaving the OR (for any reason) must remove the
OR scrubs and put on the approved program uniform. It the student is expected to return to the
OR the same day, he/she must place the previously worn scrubs in the locker
provided for radiology personnel for later use.
Gender
The program supports and complies with “Fair Practices in
Education.” Therefore, all students are
required to participate in the same clinical education experience regardless of
gender.
Other
Each clinical site may restrict the exams that students may
participate in or observe. Students
should check with the Clinical Instructor to determine the restrictions of that
clinical site.
CLINICAL HOURS
In the event that a student has been granted advanced
placement for previous Burlington
County College
work, he/she will not be required to attend those classes as published in the
program schedule. This time may be
utilized to gain additional clinical experience, with approval of the Clinical
Instructor, at the clinical setting provided it will not place the student’s
total educational hours above 8 per day or 40 per week. As this behavior can only enhance the
clinical education experience, program officials strongly recommend that
students engage in this practice.
The student must report his/her presence to program offices
prior to the start of any additional clinical experience.
OFF HOURS
Those students who elect the “off-hours” option will be
furnished with specific clinical education objectives. These objectives identify the educational
purpose of the rotation in addition to specific behavioral objectives. The designated evening clinical instructor at
the completion of the rotation will evaluate student performance during this
rotation. This also can not account for
more than 10% of the clinical time.
COMPETENCY TESTING POLICY
RATIONALE
Competency testing is designed to assess the student’s
development of clinical skills, verify level of competency maintained and
ensure that the graduate has achieved entry- level clinical skills. To assure each step has been achieved,
evaluation will be performed in a progressive fashion. The steps utilized are initial, continual and
final evaluation.
progression
Following the successful completion of classroom instruction
and testing, laboratory demonstration and testing and suitable clinical
participation under direct supervision (as defined in the Clinical Education
Policy); the student is eligible for initial testing. Program officials will perform all competency
testing.
Competency testing will encompass actual and simulated
patient examinations. Simulation
techniques will be utilized on a limited basis for those examinations not
readily available (refer to Category Identification List for specifics.)
Upon passing initial competency on a specific examination
the student advances to the level of indirect supervision (as defined in the
Clinical Education Policy) for that examination. The student must successfully complete the
minimum published number of procedures within a category to be identified as
competent in that category and advance to the level of indirect supervision for
the entire category.
Continual Competency Testing will begin six weeks after the
end of the semester in which the student attained initial competence. It will be performed on actual patients in
any previously completed category to ensure continued competence in all
radiographic exams.
During the final month of the educational process and after
all other testing has been completed, students will be required to undergo
Final Competency Testing. Those who
successfully complete this will meet program requirements for clinical
competency.
Regardless of competency, mobile radiography and operating
room procedures will always be performed under direct supervision. There are some procedures in the second
spring semester that must be performed under direct supervision as well.
Procedure
Initial
The Category Identification List outlines all body
parts/procedures which comprise each semester category. As testing on each individual part is not
practical, the program has identified the minimum procedures which must be
successfully completed to achieve competency in each category.
The student must complete a minimum of two examinations on a specific body part under
direct supervision before requesting competency testing on that part.
The clinical instructor makes the final decision as to the
readiness of the student for competency testing. A patient will be selected for that procedure
and the student will be tested as per the Category Identification List.
A clinical Competency Testing Evaluation Form (initial -
green) will be completed for each testing procedure. All projections will be averaged to determine
the final grade. Students must achieve a
minimum final grade of 85%.
Students will review and sign completed Clinical Competency
Testing Evaluation Forms (initial), which will then be placed in the students’
files.
Continual
All students will be required to complete continual
competency evaluation procedures. Minimum
requirements are listed below.
Spring 1st
year: 2 procedures from Fall 1st year
category
Summer 2nd
year: 2 procedures from Spring 1st
year category &
2
procedures from Fall 1st year category.
Fall 2nd
year: 2 procedures from
summer 2nd year category, &
2
procedures from Spring 1st year category &
2
procedures from Fall 1st year category.
A Clinical Competency Testing Evaluation Form (Continual -
pink) will be completed for each evaluated procedure. All projection will be averaged to determine
the final grade. Students must achieve a
minimum final grade of 85%.
Students will review and sign completed Clinical Compet
