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\103syl Instructor:_________________________Office:______Ph:___________

PHY 103 Principles of Physics I Syllabus (F00)

This course presents the physical properties of matter, mechanics, and sound.

1. Text (required): College Physics, Fifth edition, by Raymond A. Serway and Jerry S. Faughn, Sanders College Publishing, 1999.

2. Lab Manual

3. Lab Book Data Sheets: Purchase a "5-square to the inch" quad-ruled pad or a National #42-660, 8 1/2 x 11 3/4, 50 sheet pad.

Final grade computation: 3.5+ = A, 3.0 = B+, 2.5+ = B, 2.0 = C+,

1.5+ = C, 1.0 = D.

1. Homework, 10%

2. Quizzes, 5%

1. Each quiz will consist of five questions. The quiz is to be

b. There will be one quiz per chapter.

c. No late quizzes will be accepted.

3. Tests, 65%

a. Three tests will be given, worth 20%, 20% and 25%

1. The tests may be given during the lecture period, laboratory

will be provided during the semester.

c. A given sheet will be provided.

d. Grade will be based on a arithmetic average, with a "C"

assigned to this average.

e. Grades: A, B+, B, C+, C, D, F

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4. Laboratories, 20%

(Markings: Ö -: inadequate, Ö : adequate, Ö +: exceptional)

1. The "Pre-laboratory" is to be completed at home and turned in at the start of the laboratory. It counts for 15% of lab grade.
2. Labs are due one week after they are assigned. A lab turned in between one and two weeks after it is assigned is late and one letter grade point is deducted. After two weeks the lab is not acceptable.
3. If you do not attend a laboratory period, the first lab missed does not enter into your grade calculation. The second lab missed (and any other missed labs) counts as a zero.
4. If you have perfect lab attendance, your lowest lab grade will be raised by one letter grade.
5. Refer to your Laboratory Manual for the rest of the laboratory requirements and a sample report.
6. Grade: A, B+, B, C+, C, D, F

If you have an excused absence you may turn in homework, take a test, or makeup a lab at your next class. For an excused absence you must call the instructor and leave a message before the work is due.

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The student’s job is not easy. This list of active learning activities will benefit you: Attend class; be punctual; be prepared; pay attention; take notes; follow instructions; study; do assignments; participate; ask questions/seek guidance; set goals/work toward goals; be committed; be organized; be positive (have a good attitude); work to full potential/take pride in your work; be open minded; be creative; be considerate of others; help others/share/network; be considerate of the equipment/facilities; challenge the instructor; have fun; learn and be honest.

Reading a chapter

1. Skim the chapter (10 minutes)
2. Read the chapter in detail and go over the examples
3. Answer the conceptual questions to test your

understanding of the material.

1. "Retake your quizzes
2. Review the theory and concept sections of your lectures.
3. Study the text examples.
4. Review the "Pre-Laboratories"
5. Work out selected homework problems.

Form or join a study group. Those students who discuss physics with others learn more and do better.

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\103sylsa

PHY103 Sample Grade Computation

Student x y

1. Homework (10%) A = 4 pts. B = 3 pts.

2. Quizzes (5%) all B’s all C’s

B = 3 pts. C = 2 pts.

3. Test-1 (20%) B = 3 pts. C = 2 pts.

4. Test-2 (20%) B = 3 pts. C = 2 pts.

5. Test-3 (25%) B = 3 pts C = 2 pts

6. Laboratory (20%)

(A = 4, B = 3, ...) A = 4 pts. B = 3 pts.

1. Homework (10%) 0.1 x 4 0.1 x 3

2. Quizzes (5%) 0.05 x 3 0.05 x 2

3. Test-1 (20%) 0.2 x 3 0.2 x 2

4. Test-2 (20%) 0.2 x 3 0.2 x 2

5. Test-3 (25%) 0.25 x 3 0.25 x 2

6. Laboratory (20%) 0.2 x 4 0.2 x 3

________ ________

Total points: 3.3 2.30

Grade: B+ C+

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\103chcon

Burlington County College

PHY103 Principles of Physics I

Chapters

Fall 2000

1. Introduction

2. Motion in One Dimension

3. Vectors and Two-Dimensional Motion

4. The Laws of Motion

5. Work and Energy

6. Momentum and Collisions

7. Circular Motion and the Law of Gravity

8. Rotational Equilibrium and Rotational Dynamics

9. Solids and Fluids

13. Vibrations and Waves

14. Sound

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\103ch1

Chapter 1 Introduction (F00)

Reading:

Chapter 1 Introduction

Appendix A.1 Scientific Notation (at end of text)

Conceptual Questions: 2, 3, 5, 8, 9.

Problems, Hints and Answers:

Set A. Chap. 1: 2, 3, 6, 17, 18, 26, 30, 35

2. Here are the units you need to use: v = m/s or L/T, a = m/s² or L/T²

3. g = m/s2 or L/T2, when you divide by a fraction (in this case by L/T²), "invert and multiply" the fraction.

6. Round to the number of significant figures. For example in (a), since 7 > 5 use it to round up the second 9, this inturn is used to round up the next 9.

17. Assume that the painter covers four walls. See Appendix A.3, Geometry

18. See the front cover to convert cubic feet to cubic meters. One cubic meter = 100cm x 100cm x 100cm or 1m³ = 1 x 10⁶ cm³.

26. Assume 1/4 lb of burger and 300 lbs of meat per head of cattle.

30. Sketch the x-y coordinate system, start from the origin and find the hypotenuse.

35. Ans: (a) 3 (b) 3 (c) 4/5 (d) 4/5 (e) 4/3.

Laboratories:

103lbvec Vector Operations

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\103ch2

Chapter Motion in One Dimension (sm97)

Reading: Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension

Questions: 5, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21.

Problems, Hints and Answers:

Set B. Chap. 2: 1, 4, 5, 14, 16, 18, 20, 30, 38, 41.

1. First convert the time to hours (ex: 3 1/2 hr = 3.5hr) then convert the distance to miles. See Appendix C for conversion factors.

4. Distance traveled during each leg is velocity x time. Find the total distance. Ans: (a) 52.9 km/h (b) 99 km

5. Include the sign for average velocity for (a) and (b). For the round trip the net displacement is zero.

14. To find the instantaneous velocity draw a line tangent to the curve at the point in question and find the slope (rise/run) of the line. Ans: (a) 4 m/s (b) -4 m/s, (c) 0 m/s (d) 2 m/s

16. Sketch the two points on a graph of velocity versus time. Draw a line between them. Find the slope or . ANS: 0.75 m/s2

18. . Ans: -1.5 x 10³ m/s

20. The average acceleration is the change in velocity between the two points divided by the time to go from one point to the next. To find the instantaneous acceleration draw a line tangent to the curve at the point in question and find the slope (rise/run) of the line. Ans: (a) 0, +1.6 m/s², +0.8 m/s² (b) 0, +1.6 m/s², 0

30. For (a) use to find t. Ans: (a) 3 x 10^-10 s (b) 1.26 x 10^-4 m.

38. Ans: 2.17s, 21.21m/s, 2.24s.

Laboratories:

103lbfre Free Fall

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\103ch3

Chapter 3 Vectors and TwoDimensional Motion (sm97)

Reading: Chapter 3 Vectors and Two-Dimensional Motion except skip from Example 3.5 to the end.

Questions: 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 16.

Problems, Hints and Answers:

Set C. Chap. 3: 3, 9, 11, 13, 18, 22, 23, 40.

3. Use graph paper and a ruller.

9. The horizontal is the adjacent side; use cos f = adj/hyp and solve for "adj". The vertical is the opposide side; use sin f = opp/hyp and solve for "opp".

11. It may help to make a rough sketch

18. Since the initial velocity is horizontal, the time-of-flight can be found knowing the height only, t = 0.533s. Use distance = velocity x time. Use to find the y component of velocity. Ans: x = 2.8m, v(x) = 5 m/s, v(y) = - 5.4 m/s

22. Refer to Problem #18. Use both the x and y components of velocity to find the angle of impact, . Ans: (a) 3.18s,

(b) 36.1 m/s Ð -60.1°

40. Compare the projected distance to the distance fallen.

(a) about 2.3 m/s

Laboratories:

103lbpro Projectile Motion

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\103ch4

Chapter 4 The Laws of Motion (sm97)

Reading: Chapter 4 The Laws of Motion

Questions: 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, 13, 14, 16, 20, 22, 23, 30.

Problems, Hints and Answers:

Set D. Chap. 4: 2, 4, 7, 13, 17, 60, 61.

2. What would happen to the speed if there were a force such as "drage" or air resistance on the car? Is the speed changing? Is there a force on the car?

4. First find the mass since it is constant. 3.71N (Moon), 58.7 (Jupiter), 22.2 (Earth)

7. In (b) solve F = ma for a.

13. For (b) , and this vector is in the same direction as the resultant force found in (a).

60. A good review of x and y components. Ans: 60.6N, 35N

61. ______, do in a similar maner for the y direction.

Set E. Chap. 4: 10, 22, 30, 38. (Set E will continue with the next chapter.)

10. The sum of the forces on the plane are . The force of air resistance (f) acts in a direction opposite to the engine force (F). The net force causes the plane to accelerate. Ans: 9.6N

22. Use to find the unknown accleration. Next use this acceleration to find the "time of flight" from . Refer to Equ. 2.6 to find the velocity. Ans: a = 8.55m/s²,

v = -23m/s.

30. , assume the direction of the force and and acceleration are up (+y). Ans: 64N

38. Ans: (a) 0.38, (b) 0.31

Laboratories:

103lbfor Force Table and Forces in Equilibrium /103lbfri Friction

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\103ch5

Chapter 5 Work and Energy (sm97)

Reading: Chapter 5 Work and Energy except skip Sec. 5.9.

Questions: 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 18, 22, 25.

Problems, Hints and Answers:

Set F. Chap. 5: 1, 3, 5, 11, 13, 17.

1. Work is the component of force time the displacement. If both the force and displacement are in the same direction the work is positive.

3. Solve the work equation for displacement and use the weight (not mass) of the bucket.

5. First find the horizontal or x component of the force.

11. Think about the vertical component of the velocity when the ball is at it maximum height. Is it zero? The horizontal or x component of velocity of the ball is constant.

13. For part (b)the KE at B lets you find the velocity at B.

Set G. Chap. 5: 23, 26, 29 (part a only), 31, 35, 50, 51.

23. Relative to the ceiling, the ball has less PE at a location 1m below the ceiling than if it were located at the ceiling.

26. For (b) first use the cosine function to find how far below the bar the swing is located. Ans: (a) 80 J (b) 11 J (c) 0 J

29. Compare the gravitational and elastic PE for (a).

31. The KE before the jump is converted into PE and KE. At the top of the jump the vaulter still has some KE due to the 1 m/s forward velocity. The rest of the initial KE is converted into PE (or mgh).

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35. For (a) let the potential energy equal zero at the bottom of the slide. In the energy balance equation

the initial kinetic and final potential energy both equal zero. Solve for the velocity. To include friction for (b) the energy balance equation includes a nonconservative factor.

After the initial kinetic and final potential energies are set to zero, the equation becomes

Put in your given values and solve it for Wnc. Find the percent of energy at the top that was lost.

50. First find the vertical height or the opposite side of the right triangle. The work is the change in potential energy, mgh. Power is measured in watts and is the work per time. How long does it take for the skier to move 60m? Ans: 2.06ee4 J, 0.919hp.

Laboratories:

103lbcon Conservation of Mechanical Energy

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\103ch6

Chapter 6 Momentum and Collisions (sm97)

Reading: Chapter 6 Momentum and Collisions.

Questions: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 15, 17, 21.

Problems, Hints and Answers:

Set H. Chap. 6: : 3, 6, 8, 15, 20, 25, 27.

6. From Newton’s Second law,

or force is the change in momentum with time.

also, . Ans: -7.5ee4 N

8. The impulse is the change in momentum, where the final momentum is zero.

Ans: 7.5 kg× m/s, -380N

15. The total momentum before and after the collision is the same. Compare the momentum of the club before and after the collision. Where did the rest of the momentum go?

20. Ans: 62s

25. The momentum of the system (skateboard + cat) after the inelastic collision must equal the momentum of the skateboard before the collision.

27. Let "v" equal the velocity before the collision and "v/3" be the velocity after the collision. Use conservation of momentum.

Laboratories:

103lbela Elastic Scattering

103lbcol Conservation of Momentum and Energy

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\103ch7

Chapter 7 Circular Motion and the Law of Gravity (f97)

Reading: Chapter 7 Circular Motion and the Law of Gravity except skip Section 7.8

Questions: 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 16, 18.

Problems, Hints and Answers:

Set I. Chap. 7: 1, 6, 7, 9, 12, 31, 34, 42, 44.

1. There are 2p rads per 360° .

6. Ans: 3.5r/s, 5.2 rad

9. First convert rev/min to rev/sec. Next compare the linear and angular motion equations 7.5 and 7.6 on P. 183. Find the angular acceleration a from the angular velocity w equation. Finally, find the number of radians, q .

12. First convert revolutions to rads, then solve the "q " equation for a . Ans: 41 rad/sec2.

31. The friction force, must equal or exceed the centripetal force, .

34. Recall the relation between linear and angular velocity,. Replace the velocity in the centripetal force equation with its angular counterpart and solve for the angular velocity.

Ans: 150 rev/s (942.8 rad/s)

42. See Problem 46 for the distance from the Earth to the Moon. First find the force of the Earth on the spaceship, then the force of the moon on the spaceship. Ans: 321N toward the Earth.

44. Find F32 (force of 3kg on 2kg) then F42(force of 4kg on 2kg). The resultant is the vector sum of these two "components", where F32 is the y component and F42 is the x component. Ans: 1.05EE-10 at 71.5°

Laboratories:

103lbrot Rotational Motion concepts

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\103ch8

Chapter 8 Rotational Equilibrium and Rotational Dynamics (f97)

Reading: Chapter 8 Rotational Equilibrium and Rotational Dynamics

Questions: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 15.

Problems, Hints and Answers:

Set J. Chap. 8: 1, 2, 8, 26, 27, 42, 44, 58.

1. Solve the torque eauation for force.

2. 5.1 N× m

8. For (a) use ... after converting all the masses to a force, for example: 0.1(9.8), 0.7(9.8), M(9.8) solve the equation for M. In (b) use . Let the zero and pivot point of the stick be on the left side. Recall that CCW torque is positive and CW torque is negative. Ans: 1.2kg, 0.597m

9. Let T1 be the right tension and T2 be the left tension. Write your "sum of force" equation. There will be two unknows. Write your "sum of torque" equation about the left side. The only unknown will be T1. Assume counter-clockwise torque is positive.

26. The total moment of inertia is the sum of the moments of each mass,. For (a) about the x axis this becomes:

I_x = (3kg)(3m)² + (2kg)(3m)² + (2kg)(3m)² + (4kg)(3m)² = 99kg× m².

(b) 44 kg× m² (c) after using pythagorean theorem to find r, 143 kg× m²

42. For (d) v = rw . Ans: 184J, 184J.

44. Convert the weight to mass then find the moment of inertia of the disk. Next find the torque applied to the disk. Use t = Ia (like F = ma) to find the angular acceleration of 0.817 Rad/s2 and finally find the angluar velocity. Ans: 275J

58. Find the total I of the system for (1) arms out and (2) arms in. Ans: (a) 1.9 Rad/s, (b) 2.5J, 6.4J

Laboratories:

103lbmom Moments and the Second Condition of Equilibrium

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\103ch9

Chapter 9 Solids and fluids (f97)

Reading: Chapter 9 Solids and Fluids

Questions: 1, 3, 10, 11, 12, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24.

Problems, Hints and Answers:

Set K. Chap. 9: 1, 2, 4, 15, 17, 18, 21.

1. 480N is about 110 lb. Stress is force divided by area. Find the area of a heel in square meters. Pressure is also force divided by area. Both stress and pressure are measured in pascals or N/m².

2. Find the area and use F = mg. Ans: 3.5ee8 Pa.

4. You should find the area to be 7.07ee-4 m². Ans: 1.2ee3N

15. From the definition of pressure, P = F/A, each tire supports

W = F = PA

18. Gage pressure is the pressure less atmospheric or .

(Because water is the density standard its density is 1000kg/m³. Ans: 3.58ee6 Pa (or about 500 lbs per square inch.)

Set L. Chap. 9: 36, 40, 42, 46, 48.

36. First find the buoyant force exerted on the mattress if it is fully submerged. This force represents the total mass that can be supported if the mass of the mattress is ignored. Ans: 78kg

40. 31.6 m/s

42. The continuety equation tells us that the flow rate in the area of one aorta is equal to the flow rate in the area of the total capillaries or . From this find the total area of the cappilaries. Use mks units. Use the radius for area. Knowing the area of one capillary find the total number of capillaries.

Ans: 25 million

46. Ignore the differences in height and use Bernoulli’s equation (9.15). Solve it for the difference in pressure. Ans: -4.4ee-2 Pa.

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48. Ignore the difference of height in Bernoulli’s equation. Also the velocity of air just beneath the roof is zero. Ans: (a) 581 Pa. (b) 1.02ee5 N upward.

Laboratories:

(Continued from previous chapters)

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\103ch13

Chapter 13 Vibration and Waves (f97)

Reading: Chapter 13 Vibration and Waves

Questions: 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 19, 21.

Problems, Hints and Answers:

Set M. Chap. 13: 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 16, 20, 24, 26.

2. Ans: (a) 24N, 60 m/s² (b) Same as (a) because they both occur at the maximum amplitude

3. First find the spring constant. Slope = rise/run = k = F/x

6. Ans: (a) 580 N/m (b) 46 J

7. Use conservation of mechanical energy, PE_e = KE

8. Use conservation of mechanical energy, PE_e = Pe_g. Ans: 2940 N/m

16. Ans: (a) 0.28 m/s (b) 0.26 m/s (c) 0.26 m/s (d) 0.035 m/s

20. The period of vibration (T) depends on the mass (m) and spring constant (k) as shown in Equ. 13.8. Solve this equation for k. Use the elastic potential energy equation to find the displacement.

24. Dis = vel x time where the "distance" is the circumference. Ans: (a) 0.628 (b) 0.5 Hz, (c) 3.14 rad/s

26. Ans: 2.51 N/m, 0.627s

Set N. Chap. 13: 30, 40, 41, 45, 50, 53, 57, 58.

30. You need to put your calculator into the radian mode. For (a) at t = 0.2s this becomes: . For (b) and (c) compare the given equation to Equ. 13.13. A = 0.3m, , thus f = 1/6. (d) 6s ... do not forget to take your calculator out of the radian mode ...

40. distance = vel x time or wavelength = vel x time or

wavelength = vel/freq. 5.7mm.

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50. The speed of the wave is d/t = 25 m/s. After finding the mass per length and doing some algebra, F = 220N

58. (a) 0.5m (b) 0.1m

Laboratories:

103lbho Hooke’s Law and Conservation of Mechanical Energy

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\103ch14

Chapter 14 Sound (f97)

Reading: Chapter 14 Sound except skip Sec. 14-5, -6, -11, 12.

Questions: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 17, 18, 20.

Problems, Hints and Answers:

Set O. Chap. 14: 1, 3, 11, 31, 33, 38, 42, 47.

1. First find the velocity.

2. First use Equ 14.4 to find the speed. 17.3 m and 0.073 m

11. For (a) use P = IA. At the threshold of pain, I = 1 W/m²

31. First find the wavelength.

38. First find the fundamental length and mass per length. F = 842N (also v = 366.2 m/s)

42. For the third harmonic, L = 3l /2. For (b) find the mass per length and the velocity first. (a) 0, 2.67 m, 4 m, 6.67 m

(b) 18.6 Hz

47. Use v = 345 m/s. An open pipe has an antinode at both ends. For the first harmonic, the length of an open pipe corresponds to one-half the wavelength (or one-half a cycle), therefore L(open) = l /2. For a closed pipe and the first harmonic, L = l /4.

Laboratories:

103lbwav Waves on a String