Math 055:  Prealgebra

 

 

Division:                                 Science, Mathematics, and Technology

 

Credit Hours:            Four (4) credits

 

Textbook:                               Prealgebra, Second Edition by Lial and Hestwood, Addison-Wesley, 2002, ISBN # 0-321-18469-6 (for Textbook, Interact Math CD and Student Workbook); ISBN # 0-321-06460-7 (for book alone); ISBN # 0-321-20513-8 (for the book and MyMathLab).

 

Course Description:             This is a developmental mathematics course intended to prepare students for algebra.  Concentration is on operations of integers, exponents, order of operations, understanding variables and solving equations.  Operations of rational numbers in the form of signed fractions and decimals are also discussed, as well as problem solving in terms of perimeter and area. 

 

Required Materials                    Textbook, as listed above.

for Instruction:            

                                                Scientific calculator may be used in classroom discussions

                                                only.  Its use is NOT permitted on any test or final.

 

Course Syllabus (in the college store)

 

Supplemental Materials:            Student Solutions Manual

                                   

Real-to Reel Videotape Series and Digital Video Tutor CD-Roms (located in both the Pemberton and TEC libraries)

 

            InterAct Math Tutorial Software/ InterAct MathXL:

www.mathxl.com

 

Addison-Wesley Math Tutor Center

 

Attendance:                            Attendance is taken at all class meetings. Students are required to attend all class meetings.  Please refer specifically to your instructor for his/her policy.

 

Course Content:   Unit I              Chapter 1 -  Introduction to Algebra:  Integers

·        Place Value

·        Introduction to Signed Numbers

·        Adding Integers

·        Subtracting Integers

·        Problem Solving: Rounding and Estimating

·        Multiplying Integers

·        Dividing Integers

·        Exponents and Order of Operations

 

     Unit II            Chapter 2 – Understanding Variables and Solving Equations

·        Introduction to Variables

·        Simplifying Expressions

·        Solving Equations Using Addition

·        Solving Equations Using Division

·        Solving Equations with Several Steps

 

   Unit III            Chapter 4 – Rational Numbers: Positive and Negative Fractions

·        Introduction to Signed Fractions

·        Writing Fractions in Lowest Terms

·        Multiplying and Dividing Signed Fractions

·        Adding and Subtracting Signed Fractions

·        Problem Solving: Mixed Numbers and Estimating

·        Exponents, Order of Operations, and Complex Fractions

 

   Unit IV            Chapter 5 – Rational Numbers:  Positive and Negative

                        Decimals

·        Reading and Writing Decimal Numbers

·        Rounding Decimal Numbers

·        Adding and Subtracting Signed Decimal Numbers

·        Multiplying Signed Decimal Numbers

·        Dividing Signed Decimal Numbers

·        Fractions and Decimals

Chapter 3 – Solving Application Problems

·        Problem Solving: Perimeter

·        Problem Solving: Area

·        Translating Word Phrases into Algebraic Expressions

 

Evaluation:                 There are four (4) tests – one each on Units I, II, III and IV. 

 

Each test will have 25 free-response questions dealing with the content covered in each unit.  Part-credit may be given for each problem.  Each test is worth 100 points.  It is recommended that each test be given during class time, not in the test center, to enable students to ask questions, if the need arises.  Students may retest only once!

Each test will be graded using the following scale:

Percent Correct

Letter Grade

    100 – 90

O (Outstanding)

      89 – 75

P  (Passing)

      74 – 0

U (Unsatisfactory)

                                   

The final exam will be comprehensive and administered during final exam week.  It consists of thirty multiple-choice questions.

 

The course grade will be determined from the final test average.  Adding the percent grades for each test, along with the score for the final exam (which must be at least 75%), and dividing this sum by five will compute the final test average. The letter grades listed in the above scale will be used to determine the course grade. 

 

Grades of “I” or “X” are assigned at the discretion of the instructor.

 

 

Unit I

 

Objectives:            Upon completion of this unit, the student should be able to define, explain,

                        symbolize, and/or illustrate the following:

 

1.      Learn to identify whole numbers and their place values

 

2.      Graph signed numbers on a number line; compare integers; round integers;     find the absolute value of integers

 

3.      Add, subtract, multiply and divide integers

 

4.   Identify properties of addition and multiplication; simplify expressions with   

      exponents and fraction bars

 

5.  Problem-solve using integers

 

                                                                  Unit II

Objectives:            Upon completion of this unit, the student should be able to define, explain,

                        symbolize, and/or illustrate the following:

 

1.  Learn how to identify variables, constants, and expressions

2.      Evaluate variable expressions for given replacement values

3.      Use exponents with variables; combine like terms using the Distributive Property; simplify expressions

4.      Determine whether a given number is a solution of an equation

5.      Solve equations using the addition and division properties of equality; simplify equations before solving

               

     Unit III

Objectives:            Upon completion of this unit, the student should be able to define, explain,

                        symbolize, and/or illustrate the following:

 

1.      Learn to identify proper and improper fractions; graph positive and negative   fractions on a number line; find the absolute value of a fraction; write equivalent fractions

2.      Write a fraction with/without variables in lowest terms; prime factorization

3.      Multiply and divide signed fractions; problem-solve using multiplication and division

4.      Find the lowest common denominator for unlike fractions; add and subtract signed fractions

5.      Identify mixed numbers and solve application problems containing mixed numbers

6.      Use exponents and the order of operations with fractions; simplify complex fractions

                                                                

     Unit IV

Objectives:            Upon completion of this unit, the student should be able to define, explain,

                        symbolize, and/or illustrate the following:

 

1.      The student will read and write decimals; identify place value of a digit; write decimals as fractions or mixed numbers

2.      Round decimals

3.      Add, subtract, multiply and divide signed decimals; use the order of operations with decimals

4.      Write fractions as equivalent decimals; compare the size of fractions and decimals

5.      Problem-solve using decimals

6.      Find the perimeter and area of rectangles, squares, and parallelograms; translate word phrases into algebraic expressions; translate sentences into equations and solve

 

Time Guideline

 

NOTE:            For those students needing a review of whole number skills, it is strongly recommended that Chapter R at the end of the text be used for this purpose.

 

 

Supplemental Computer Exercises are provided for every content area listed below using the Tutorial CD-Rom provided with the textbook.  In addition, students may use the Tutorial Software via the internet @ www. mathxl.com. 

 

 

Week # 1:  Introduction to the Course: course content and requirements for course   

                  

1.      Review of whole numbers during the first class: Chapter R in the back

of the textbook

                              Assignment:  P. 789, 790 # 1 - 20

 

2.      Chapter 1: section 1.1 – Place Value

Assignment:  P. 5 - 7 # 1 - 37 odd

 

3.      Section 1.2 - Introduction to Signed Numbers

Assignment:  P. 13, 14 # 2 - 44 even

 

4.      Section 1.3 - Adding Integers

Assignment:  P. 21 - 23 # 1 - 23 odd;  # 28 - 62 even; # 67 - 74 all

 

________________________________________________________________________

 

Week # 2:              1.   Section 1.4 - Subtracting Integers

                              Assignment:  P. 27, 28  # 1 - 56 all

 

2.      Section 1.5 - Problem Solving: Rounding and Estimating

Assignment:  P. 35 # 2 - 26 even

 

3.      Section 1.6 - Multiplying Integers

                              Assignment:  P. 45 - 47 # 1 - 45 odd; # 51 - 63 odd

 

4.      Section 1.7 - Dividing Integers

Assignment:  P. 55, 56 # 1 - 44 all

 

 

 

 

Week # 3            1.   Section 1.7 (continued) – Problem solving using addition, subtraction,

                              multiplication, or division; estimating

                  Assignment:  P. 56 - 58 # 45 - 73 odd

           

2.      Section 1.8 - Exponents and Order of Operations

                  Assignment:  P. 65 - 68 # 1 - 11 odd; # 19 - 69 odd; # 73 - 81 odd

 

3.      Summary Exercises on Operations with Integers

Assignment:  P. 69, 70 # 1 – 54 all

 

4.      Review Chapter 1 with Sample Test 1:  Pg.10 in Syllabus;

with Review Exercises on Pages 77 - 79 # 1-92,

                                          and/or Chapter 1 Test  on P. 81, 82 # 1 - 34 all 

 

 

Week # 4:            1.   TEST # 1 (Unit I / Chapter 1)

 

2.      Return and go over test # 1.

 

3.      Unit II: Chapter 2 - Understanding Variables and Solving Equations

Section 2.1 - Introduction to Variables

Assignment:  P. 91 - 94  # 1 - 57 odd

           

 

 

Week # 5:            1.   Section 2.2 - Simplifying Expressions

      Assignment:  P. 103 - 106  # 1 - 87 all

 

2.      Section 2.3 - Solving Equations Using Addition

      Assignment:  P. 113 - 117  # 1 - 63 all

 

3.   Section 2.4 - Solving Equations Using Division

      Assignment:  P. 123 # 1 - 16 all

 

________________________________________________________________________

 

Week # 6:            1.   Section 2.4 (continued) – Simplifying before Solving Equations

                              Assignment:  P. 124, 125 # 17 - 45 odd

 

2.      Section 2.5 - Solving Equations with Several Steps

      Assignment:  P. 131 - 133 # 1 - 16 all; # 17 - 47 odd

 

3.      Review Chapter 2 with Sample Test 2: Pgs. 12, 13 in Syllabus;

with Review Exercises on Pages 143, 144 # 1-35,

                                          and/or Chapter 2 Test  on P. 145, 146 # 1 - 25 all

 

Week # 7:            1.  TEST # 2 (Unit II / Chapter 2)

 

2.      Return and go over test # 2.

 

3.   Unit III: Chapter 4 – Rational Numbers: Positive and Negative  

      Fractions

      Section 4.1 – Introduction to Signed Fractions

AssignmentP. 205 - 208 # 2 - 50 even

 

4.   Section 4.2 - Writing Fractions in Lowest Terms

AssignmentP. 219 - 222 # 6 - 14 even, # 21 - 35 odd,

                                            # 49 - 65 odd

 

 

Week # 8:            1.   Section 4.3 - Multiplying and Dividing Signed Fractions         

                              Assignment:  P.  231, 232 # 2 - 24 even, # 31 - 47 odd

 

2.      Section 4.4 - Adding and Subtracting Signed Fractions

Assignment:  P.  243 # 1 - 24 all

 

 

Week # 9:            1.   Section 4.5 - Problem Solving:  Mixed Numbers and Estimating

                              Assignment:  P. 257, 258 # 1 - 31 odd, # 41 - 51 odd

 

2.      Section 4.6 - Exponents, Order of Operations, and Complex Fractions

Assignment:  P. 267 - 270 # 1 - 12 all, # 21 - 31 odd, # 39 - 47 odd

 

 

Week # 10:            1.   Review Chapter 4 with Sample Test 4:  Pgs. 14-16 in Syllabus;

                                                            with the Summary Exercises on P. 261: # 1 – 20,

      and/or the Review Exercises on P. 299, 300 # 1 - 31,

                                  and/or Chapter 4 Test on P. 301, 302 # 1 - 21 all

 

2.  Test # 3 (Unit III/ Chapter 4)

 

3.      Return and go over test # 3.

 

4.      Unit IV: Chapters 5 and 3

Section 5.1 - Reading and Writing Decimal Numbers

Assignment:  P. 311 - 313 # 2 - 56 even

 

 

 

Week # 11:            1.   Section 5.2 - Rounding Decimal Numbers

                              Assignment:  P. 321, 322 # 1 - 35 odd

 

                        2.   Section 5.3 - Adding and Subtracting Signed Decimal Numbers

      Assignment:  P. 329 - 331 # 1 - 19 odd, # 23 - 37 odd, # 41 - 51 odd

 

3.      Section 5.4 - Multiplying Signed Decimal Numbers

      Assignment:  P. 337 - 339 # 9 - 20 all, # 23 - 37 odd

 

 

Week # 12:            1.   Section 5.5 - Dividing Signed Decimal Numbers

                              AssignmentP. 349 - 352 # 1 - 15 odd, # 27 - 41 odd, # 51 - 59 odd

 

2.      Section 5.6 - Fractions and Decimals

AssignmentP. 357 - 360 # 1 - 17 odd, # 30 - 44 even, # 53 - 60 all

 

3.      Chapter 3: Section 3.1 - Problem Solving: Perimeter

AssignmentP. 155, 156 # 2 - 30 even

 

 

Week # 13:              1.   Section 3.2 - Problem Solving: Area

                              Assignment:  P. 165 - 167 # 1 - 4 all, # 17 - 26 all,  # 35, 36, 41

 

2.      Section 3.3 - Solving Application Problems with One Unknown

Quantity

Assignment:  P. 175, 176 # 1 - 29 odd

 

3.      Review Chapts. 5 and 3 with Sample Test 4: Pgs. 17,18 in Syllabus;

with Chapter 5 Test on P. 413, 414 # 1 - 14, # 19, 20 ;

                                 and Chapter 3 Test on P. 193, 194 # 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 16, 17

 

 

Week # 14:              1.   Test # 4 (Unit IV/ Chapters 5 and 3)

 

2.      Return and go over test # 4.

 

3.      Final Exam Review:  Pgs. 22-24 in Syllabus

 

 

Week # 15:     FINAL EXAM – 30 multiple-choice questions; cumulative 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

          WORDSTHAT IMPLY MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS

 

                                   Addition

 

plus

sum

the sum of…

total

in all

add

more than

exceeds

gain

more

increased by

added to

older than

perimeter

all together

larger than

 

 

Subtraction

 

subtract

minus

difference

decrease

diminish

*subtracted from

*less than

fewer than

reduced by

smaller than

shorter than

less

 

 

        Multiplication

 

multiply

of

factor

times

product of…

twice

double

triple

area

square

cube

 

 

 

     Division

 

divided by

quotient of…

ratio

average

divided into

per

 

 

 

 

AND connects two constants, variables, or a constant and a variable by the operation word that precedes it.

 

( ) are to be used in place of “the quantity of” or when a multiplier is over a sum or difference.

 

= means… equals, is equal to, is/are.